Power of data

The power of data comes from its embedded information content that has the potential to reveal truth. Even a set of badly encoded data, could reveal information about its source in ways that are not always intuitive from shallow observations.

The notion of counter-factuals

Data content may not be correct, but noise and lies included, reveal certain qualities and quantities of the realistic context of data collection. For more explainations on counter-factuals, see Judea Pearls work on causation.